Ayyukan da suka fito daga mutum-mutumi mai yin iyo na ƙasa wanda zai iya fahimtar yanayi a yankin tushen a ainihin lokacin zuwa ƙirar ƙididdiga waɗanda za su iya yin hasashen samar da lalacewa da aka samu kuɗin iri daga Tsarin Cornell don Noma na DijitalSabuwar Asusun Innovation na Bincike.
Ƙungiyoyi takwas na masu bincike - daga Kwalejin Noma da Kimiyyar Rayuwa, Kwalejin Injiniya, Kwamfuta da Kimiyyar Bayanai, Cornell Tech da Kwalejin Magungunan Dabbobi (CVM) - za su sami lambobin yabo na shekaru uku har zuwa $ 225,000. Don nema, ƙungiyoyi suna buƙatar haɗawa da membobin ƙungiyar Cornell daga aƙalla kwalejoji biyu, suna tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar giciye.
"Wadannan ayyukan bincike suna wakiltar damar mai ban sha'awa na kayan aikin dijital, kamar ƙirar ƙididdigewa, tsarin robotic, basirar wucin gadi da 'internet na abubuwa,' don canza aikin noma a kowane mataki na tsarin samar da abinci," in ji shi. Susan McCouch, Barbara McClintock Farfesa na Shuka Kiwo da Genetics da kuma darektan Cornell Initiative for Digital Agriculture (CIDA). "Haɗin gwiwar tsakanin ladabtarwa irin waɗannan za su tura iyakokin kimiyya don haɓaka aiki da dorewar aikin gona, da haɓaka bututun ganowa da sabbin abubuwa masu amfani."
Ƙungiya mai yawa na kusan kusan dozin uku membobin malamai, jagorancin Renata Ivanek, mataimakin farfesa a Sashen Magungunan Jama'a da Kimiyyar Bincike a CVM, ya zaɓi ayyukan takwas daga shawarwari 31. Kudade don lambobin yabo ya fito ne daga Asusun Ƙirƙirar Bincike na CIDA da shirin Dokar Hatch na Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta Amurka.
Ayyukan:
Inganta yawan amfanin gonar strawberry ta hanyar 'yan ƙasa da na'urorin pollinators: Kirstin Petersen, mataimakiyar farfesa a fannin injiniyan lantarki da na'ura mai kwakwalwa; da Scott McArt, mataimakin farfesa a fannin ilimin halitta. Ayyukansu za su haɗu da sa ido ta atomatik na namun daji da masu sarrafa pollinators tare da pollination na mutum-mutumi, da aza harsashi don tsarin tsarin ƙwayoyin halitta wanda zai iya lura, tsinkaya da haɓaka yawan amfanin gona. Masu binciken za su samar da tarko na kyamarar kwari masu ɗorewa da ƙarancin ƙarfi, amfani da jirage marasa matuƙa don saurin ƙetare da ƙirƙirar samfuran girma waɗanda za a iya isar da su ga manomi ta hanyar aikace-aikacen kan layi.
Sabbin robotics na ƙasa da fahimtar tushen tushen ƙasa na tasirin amfanin ruwa: Taryn Bauerle, masanin farfesa a Makarantar Kimiyyar Tsirrai (SIPS); Robert Shepherd, masanin farfesa a Makarantar Sibley na Injiniyan Injiniya da Aerospace (MAE); Mike Gore, Liberty Hyde Bailey Farfesa kuma mataimakin farfesa a fannin kiwo da kwayoyin halitta a SIPS; Johannes Lehmann, farfesa na kimiyyar ƙasa da amfanin gona a SIPS; da Abraham Stroock, Daraktan William C. Hooey da Gordon L. Dibble, farfesa na Injiniyan Kimiyya da Biomolecular. Don samun damar bayanai na ainihi game da samuwa da kwararar ruwa a cikin ƙasa a kusa da tushen shuka, masu binciken za su samar da dabarar fahimtar juna da kuma wani mutum-mutumi na ƙasa don bincika yankin tushen kai tsaye.
Samfuran lissafin bayanai na Microbiome da kayan aikin goyan bayan yanke shawara don tsinkaya sabo da lalacewa: alayyafo azaman tsarin ƙira: Martin Wiedmann, Farfesan Iyali na Gellert a Tsaron Abinci; da Ivanek. Masu binciken za su haɓaka ƙirar ƙididdigewa na hulɗar microbiome da ɓarna yayin sarrafawa, sufuri da dillali don hango hasashen rayuwar sabbin alayyafo.
Gaggawa da bincike mai sarrafa damuwa a cikin gonakin apple: Awais Khan, masanin farfesa a SIPS a Cornell AgriTech; Serge Belongie, farfesa a kimiyyar kwamfuta a Cornell Tech; da Noah Snavely, mataimakin farfesa a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta a Cornell Tech. Haɗin gwaninta a cikin ilimin halittar tsirrai, phenotyping da hangen nesa na kwamfuta, ƙungiyar za ta ƙirƙira bayanan bayanan cututtukan da ƙwararru don apples, jagoranci gasar ƙalubalen duniya don nemo sabbin hanyoyin magance cututtukan cututtukan da ƙididdigewa, haɓaka samfuran hangen nesa na kwamfuta don bambanta daidai tsakanin alamun cutar da yawa. cututtuka, da haɓaka ƙa'idodin abokantaka masu amfani don tallafawa masu noman apple.
Noman Carbon: Haɗa basirar inji, manyan bayanai da ƙirar tsari don tallafawa wannan ɓangaren da ke tasowa: Lehmann da Fengqi Kai, Roxanne E. da Michael J. Zak Farfesa a Injiniya Tsarin Makamashi a Makarantar Smith na Chemical da Injiniya Biomolecular. Wannan aikin yana da nufin inganta ingantaccen hasashen yanayi na carbon carbon ta hanyar haɗa tsarin tsarin ƙasa tare da koyon injin, koyo mai zurfi da manyan bayanai don ƙirƙirar dandamali don fitar da manufofin tushen shaida da saka hannun jari a cikin lafiyar ƙasa da rage sauyin yanayi.
Babban dandali na phenotyping na aiki da aka yi niyya don ƙaddamar da alaƙa-ayyukan kwayoyin halitta a cikin rhizomicrobiome don haɓaka amfani da abubuwan gina jiki na shuka: Afrilu Gu, farfesa a injiniyan farar hula da muhalli; Jenny Kao-Kniffin, masanin farfesa a SIPS; da Kilian Weinberger, mataimakin farfesa a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta. Masu binciken za su samar da wani sabon tsarin fasaha na phenotyping-genotyping wanda zai ba su damar gina wata cibiyar fasahar fasahar noma mai daraja ta duniya a Cornell, domin ganowa da bayyana sabbin kwayoyin halitta masu amfani ga amfanin gona.
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin dijital na sararin sama da ƙasa: Intanet na abubuwa suna kusanci don haɓaka hasashen yanayin gonaki na matsanancin zafi, fari da ruwan sama: Toby Ault, mataimakin farfesa a duniya da kimiyyar yanayi; da Max Zhang, mataimakin farfesa a MAE. Yin amfani da abubuwan da ke gudana, mara waya ta intanet, masu binciken za su sa ido da kuma yin hasashen manyan canje-canje don tsinkayar matsanancin yanayi a matakan jihohi, gundumomi da gonaki don samarwa masu samar da abinci kayan aiki don tsinkayar haɗari.
Haɓaka samfuran tsinkaya don gano ainihin mastitis na subclinical da na asibiti a cikin shanun kiwo da aka yi musu nono tare da tsarin nonon atomatik: Rick Watters, babban jami'in haɓakawa a cikin CVM da kuma darektan Cibiyar Samar da Madara mai Inganci ta Yammacin Laboratory; da Kristan Reed, mataimakin farfesa a kimiyyar dabbobi. Yin amfani da bayanai irin su yawan amfanin nono, lokacin shayarwa da lokaci tsakanin ziyarar madara, masu bincike za su haɓaka algorithm don tsinkayar mastitis a cikin shanun kiwo.
- Melanie Lefkowitz, Jami'ar Cornell
Ayyukan da suka fito daga wani mutum-mutumi na ninkaya na ƙasa wanda zai iya fahimtar yanayi a yankin tushen a ainihin lokacin zuwa ƙirar ƙididdiga waɗanda za su iya yin hasashen samar da lalacewa da aka samu kuɗin iri daga Cornell Initiative for Digital Agriculture's New Research Innovation Fund. A sama, wani jirgi mara matuki a Farmakin Bincike na Musgrave, wanda ɗalibai ke ɗauke da su zuwa filin binciken Farfesa Micheal Gore. Hoto: Allison Usavage