Kafin zuwan na'urorin sa ido kan tauraron dan adam na kwamfuta, manoma sun dogara da hasashen hasashen yanayi, kamar kyandir, iska, kalar sararin sama, da fable Farmers' Almanac, don yanke shawarar shuka da kyau.
Hatta dabbobi – shanu duk da annabta ruwan sama da kaho mai iya fayyace tsawon lokacin hunturu – suna ci gaba da taka rawa a cikin tarihin yanayi.
Gaskiyar ita ce bayanin yanayi yana haifar da yanke shawara na kasuwanci ta hanyar taimaka wa masu samarwa tsara jadawalin shuka, aikace-aikacen taki na lokaci, sarrafa kwari da cututtuka, da shirya don aikin gona da girbi.
Yanzu, godiya ga sabon haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Tashar Gwajin Aikin Gona ta Virginia da mai ba da bayanan yanayi WeatherSTEM, fasahar hasashen gida a kusa da jihar suna taimaka wa manoma su shirya da kuma magance guguwar. Wannan yunƙuri na daga cikin College of Agriculture and Life Sciences' sabon SmartFarm Innovation Network.
"Wannan shine ɗayan matakan farko na fahimtar hangen nesa na Smart Farm Innovation Network," in ji Saied Mostaghimi, mataimakin shugaban bincike da karatun digiri a kwalejin kuma darektan VAES. “Bayanin yanayi yana da tasiri sosai kan abin da muke yi a aikin gona. Yana tasiri buƙatun ruwa na shuke-shuke kuma yana iya ƙayyade yuwuwar cutar shuka da watsa cututtuka daga wuri ɗaya zuwa wani. Wannan rukunin tashoshin yanayi ne da aka haɗa tare don ƙwararru za su iya duba gida da ma duk faɗin jihar don ganin abin da ke faruwa.”
Kowace Cibiyoyin Binciken Aikin Noma na 11, ban da Cibiyar Noma ta Birane da Cibiyoyin Turf Grass a Blacksburg, sun shigar da tsarin kula da yanayin yanayi na WeatherSTEM don auna saurin iska da shugabanci, hazo, zazzabi, zafi, da hasken rana. Bugu da ƙari, manyan kyamarori masu mahimmanci da aka haɗa zuwa gajimare suna rikodin hotuna na ainihi na yanayin halin yanzu kuma suna iya samar da abubuwan gani na lokaci na yanayin yanayi.
"Shafin WeatherSTEM yana ba ma'aikatanmu da ma'aikatanmu damar samun dama ga ainihin lokaci, ƙayyadaddun yanayin yanayi a AREC da ba mu samu a baya ba," in ji David Langston, darektan Cibiyar. Cibiyar Bincike da Tsawaita Aikin Noma ta Tidewater. "Wannan nau'in bayanan yanayi yana da mahimmanci ga tsara ayyukan binciken filin da kuma tattara bayanan yanayi a lokacin girma don taimaka mana fahimtar yadda yanayin ke shafar sakamakon bincikenmu."
Ana watsa bayanai daga na'urorin saka idanu zuwa WeatherLink Cloud, inda ake samunsa don dubawa nan da nan. AREC WeatherSTEM gidajen yanar gizo kuma akan manhajar wayar hannu da ake iya saukewa daga gidan yanar gizon. Masu amfani kuma za su iya yin rajista don sabuntawa kai tsaye ta hanyar rubutu, duk kyauta. Sakamakon haka, masu kera, mazauna, masu bincike, da membobin jama'a na iya samun damar bayanan yanayi na tsawon minti daya, gami da hotunan kyamarar sama, da karɓar faɗakarwar yanayi game da barazanar, kamar yanayi mai tsanani, hadari, da walƙiya, gami da lokacin da wadannan al'amura ke zuwa da kuma nisan su.
Ana kuma adana bayanan yanayi na tarihi don bincike da bincike. Wannan bayanin zai iya jagorantar masu bincike da masu samarwa don gano yanayin yanayi da yanayin gaba.
"Hanyoyin ita ce yayin da muke tattara ƙarin bayani, za mu haɓaka iyawarmu na tsinkaya don ba da shawarwari ga masu samarwa bisa ga alamu da yanayin," in ji Mostaghimi.
Fasahar, wacce Dyacon ta kirkira, ta kuma hada da na'urar tattara ruwan sama mai zaman kanta, da na'urori masu auna hasken ultraviolet, da na'urar hasken rana a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki. Na'urorin firikwensin ƙasa suna auna zafin jiki da danshi a wasu ARECs.
"Yayin da muke shigar da ƙarin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, kamar waɗanda ke auna danshi a cikin ƙasa, za mu iya ba da takamaiman shawarwari game da fari da sauran yanayin da suka dace," in ji Mostaghimi. "Kuna iya shigar da kowane na'urori masu auna firikwensin yayin da suke fitowa a kasuwa a kowane rukunin yanar gizon dangane da bukatun ma'aikatan AREC, malamai, ɗalibai, da masu ruwa da tsaki na gida."
Shafukan yanar gizo na AREC WeatherSTEM kuma suna nuna sanyin iska, raɓa, ranar ruwan sama na ƙarshe, da bayanan murfin gajimare, tare da hasashen kwanaki biyar da haɗin kai zuwa sabuntawa daga ƙasan yanayi da Tashar Yanayi LIVE. Hakanan ana samun bayanan tarihi, bayanai akan rana, wata, da taurari, da bayanai akan walƙiya kusa da danna maballin linzamin kwamfuta.
"Har yanzu, mun dogara da bayanan da aka tattara a cikin sa'o'i 24," in ji Langston. "Da zarar an shigar da nau'ikan amfanin gona da kwaro a cikin tsarin, masu shuka za su iya amfani da wannan bayanin don yanke shawarar gudanarwa cikin lokaci kuma daidai fiye da yadda za a yi a baya. Tsarin yanayin yanayi na STEM yana bawa mai amfani damar samun damar bayanai cikin sauƙi da sauƙi, wanda shine babban fa'ida akan dandamalin isar da saƙo na baya."
Dangane da hangen nesa na SmartFarm Innovation Network, ARECS na iya kwatanta saitin bayanai da juna da kuma sauran rukunin yanar gizon WeatherSTEM don fahimtar yanayin yanayi a fadin jihar da yanki, yana mai da wannan hanyar sadarwa ta fasaha ta gaskiya.
"Ga masu bincike waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin yanayin yanayi da alamu ta hanyar ƙirar ƙirar kwamfuta, yawancin bayanan bayanai daga wurare daban-daban a cikin jihar suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar waɗannan alamu," in ji Mostaghimi.
Mostaghimi kuma yana jin daɗin haɗin gwiwa tare da Kwalejin Albarkatun Kasa da Muhalli a cikin haɗin gwiwar da aka tsara don haɗakar da daliban ilimin yanayi yayin da ake tabo shirin Jami'ar Beyond Boundaries don ba da damar kwarewa ga dalibai. Za a ba wa ɗaliban damar shiga rukunin yanar gizon WeatherSTEM kuma za su kuma shiga cikin shigarwa da daidaita na'urori masu auna firikwensin da sauran kayan aiki.
Manufar wannan ƙwararren damar koyo shine fitar da ɗalibai daga cikin aji da haɗa su da duniyar da suke rayuwa kuma wata rana za su yi aiki. Ilimin da aka samu daga tashoshin yanayi na AREC zai taimaka musu wajen nazarin yanayin yanayi da kuma tabbatar da cewa fasahar fasahar kere-kere ta SmartFarm tana amfanar wasu a duk fadin jami'ar.
Kowace Cibiyoyin Bincike da Tsawaita Aikin Noma na 11, baya ga Cibiyar Noma ta Birane da Cibiyoyin Turf Grass a Blacksburg, sun shigar da tsarin sa ido kan WeatherSTEM don auna saurin iska da jagora, hazo, zazzabi, zafi, da hasken rana. Kyamaran da aka haɗa zuwa gajimare suna rikodin hotuna na ainihin lokaci na yanayin yanzu kuma suna iya samar da abubuwan gani na lokaci-lokaci na yanayin yanayi. Hoto: Virginia Tech