Yayin da amfani da bishiyar asparagus na Amurka ke karuwa, masu kera suna neman hanyoyin da za su cire sirrin daga dafa kayan lambu.
An gabatar da sabon layin bishiyar bishiyar asparagus da aka yanke a watan Afrilu daga Cedarville, Sheppard Farms na tushen NJ. An sayar da shi ta manyan kantunan King a New Jersey, samfurin shine sakamakon haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Jami'ar Rutgers da Sheppard Farms.
Tom Orton, kwararre a fannin tsawaitawa tare da Cibiyar Binciken Aikin Noma ta Rutgers kuma wani bangare na Cibiyar Innovation ta Abinci, ya ce kunshin bishiyar bishiyar asparagus na microwavable ya ɗauki kimanin watanni 14 don haɓakawa, ɗan gajeren lokaci idan aka kwatanta da yawancin sabbin samfura. Shi, tare da mai ba da shawara William Romig, sun nemi sabbin hanyoyin yin amfani da fakitin sabbin abubuwa.
"Mun ɗauki kunshin da ke akwai kuma muka gyara shi," in ji shi. "Ainihin fasahohi ne da suka wanzu kuma mun ɗauke su kuma muka yi amfani da su ta hanyoyi daban-daban."
Ana sayar da bishiyar asparagus mai wanke biyu a cikin ko dai jakar oza 10 ko tire, kowanne tare da microperforations da matsi mai kunna tururi. Microperforations suna kara tsawon rayuwar bishiyar asparagus ta hanyar barin oxygen da carbon dioxide don saita yanayin da zai rage raguwa. Orton ya ce rayuwar shiryayye ta wuce kwanaki 21, idan aka kwatanta da kwanaki 10 zuwa 12 don sabbin kayan bishiyar asparagus.
Fashin tururi na kunshin yana ba da damar bishiyar asparagus ta dafa a cikin microwave. Samfurin yana dafa abinci ta hanyar juzu'i, ba daga microwaves ba, in ji Orton. Ruwan ruwa a cikin samfurin yana juya zuwa tururi, wakilin da ke yin girki.
Yana ɗaukar tsakanin mintuna biyu da mintuna huɗu don dafa bishiyar asparagus a cikin fakitin microwavable. Masu siye za su iya yin abin da suke so, tare da ƙarancin lokacin dafa abinci don kayan lambu masu kaifi da ƙarin lokaci don bishiyar asparagus mai laushi.
Ana shuka bishiyar asparagus a Sheppard Farms, wanda ke sadaukar da kusan kadada 150 na kadada 1,500 don samar da bishiyar asparagus. Ana samar da bishiyar asparagus daga 15 ga Afrilu zuwa 15 ga Yuni, kuma galibi nau'in Jersey Knight da Jersey Giant ne. Gona kuma tana noman barkonon kararrawa, latas na kankara, latas na romaine, cucumbers, zucchini da squash.
Tom Sheppard da 'yan uwansa, Dave da Erwin, suna gudanar da Sheppard Farms. Zuriya goma sha huɗu na dangin Sheppard sun yi noma a jihar sama da shekaru 300. Gonar ta kasance tun 1683, kuma Sheppard ya ce wasu daga cikin filayen da suke noma a yanzu suna cikin iyali tun shekarun 1800. gonakin yana cikin gundumar Cumberland, babban mai samar da kayan lambu a New Jersey. Dangane da gidan yanar gizon gundumar, shine “Garden Spot of the Garden State,” yana samar da kusan kashi 16 na jimillar ƙimar noma ta New Jersey.
Fitar da Samfur
Sheppard ya ce lokacin da Orton da Romig suka tunkare shi game da kunshin, nan da nan ya san cewa bishiyar asparagus ita ce samfurin da ya dace, amma kamfanin bai taba fitar da sabon samfurin ba.
"Wannan tsari ne mai ban sha'awa," in ji Sheppard. "Suna da mutanen da ke da ƙwarewar haɓaka samfuri, amma ba wani abu ba ne da muke da gogewa da shi."
Ya zuwa yanzu, martanin da masu sayayya suka bayar ya gauraya, duka mutanen biyu sun ce. Kamar yadda yake tare da kowane sabon samfurin da aka fitar, ana iya samun ƙulli a hanya, kuma tsari ne na koyo. Abokan ciniki sun amsa da kyau ga sabon samfurin kuma tallace-tallace sun fara ƙarfi, amma sun sauke jim kaɗan bayan gabatarwa.
"Yawancin masu sarrafa kayan sun gamsu da samfurin," in ji Orton. "Lokacin da ya fara isowa, ya motsa sosai."
Sheppard ya ce sun gudu a bayan tsari da kananan abubuwa, kuma da alama "duk abin da zai iya faruwa ba daidai ba ya yi kuskure."
Kodayake tallace-tallace na farko sun yi ƙarfi, Sheppard ya ce ba su sayar da yadda ya yi tsammani za su iya ba.
Orton ya ce suma sun sami matsala ta najasa. Yana sa samfuran ƙasa da ƙasa ganuwa kuma yana iya haifar da asarar tallace-tallace. Fina-finai suna samun natsuwa, amma ana iya guje wa hakan ta hanyar kiyaye zafin jiki tsakanin 30˚ F da 40˚ F. Ya ce sun gano wasu shagunan da ke nuna samfurin ba daidai ba, tare da yanayin zafi sama da 50˚ F ko kuma an saita su a ƙarƙashin na'urori masu hazo.
"Koyaushe kuna iya yin ƙari kuma koyaushe kuna iya yin aiki tare da 'yan kasuwa," in ji Orton.
Ya kamata a nuna fakitin microwavable a cikin yanayi iri ɗaya da salatin jakunkuna da aka yanka. Ya kuma ce suna kallon fina-finan da ke hana hazo domin rage matsalar tari.
Ilimin Mabukaci Akwai wasu rudani daga bangaren masu amfani da su ma. Tun lokacin da aka saki samfurin a daidai lokacin da sabon bishiyar asparagus ya zo kasuwa, masu amfani ba su ga sabon abu kamar yadda aka samar a gida ba.
"Masu amfani da su sun rikice game da abin da tushen samfurin yake da kuma yadda yake da alaka da bishiyar asparagus na al'ada da ake amfani da su don siya," in ji Orton.
Ya ce suna aiki don yaƙar wannan ta hanyar ilimantar da masu amfani da marufi, lakabi da nuni a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki game da fa'ida da kuma yanayin gida na sabon kunshin.
Duk da koma bayan da aka samu, mutanen biyu suna sa ido kan gaba. Sheppard ya ce yana fatan wata rana zai sayar da bishiyar asparagus na microwavable a duk shekara. Ya so ya kawo bishiyar asparagus daga wasu yankuna a duk shekara, tun da gonarsa tana samar da bishiyar asparagus na watanni biyu zuwa uku kawai a cikin bazara. Ya ce kamfanin yanzu yana duban kayan aiki da abubuwan samar da kayan aikin microwavable a kakar wasa mai zuwa. Ya shirya a fall na gaba ko yiwu rani na gaba don hadaya ta gaba.
Orton ya ce yana aiki kan tsare-tsare don sabbin kayayyaki a cikin marufi na microwavable. Yana shirin fara bincike a wannan lokacin rani akan fakitin microwavable don soyayyen soya, kabewa, barkono, gaurayawan kayan lambu da masara mai zaki a ciki da waje. Saboda tururi ne ke dafa kayan amfanin, Orton ya ce ƙarshen samfurin yana da ƙarancin adadin kuzari kuma ya fi sauran samfuran microwavable lafiya.
"Na yi imani cewa zai haifar da fadada kasuwa, a ƙarshe ta hanyar ɗaukar masu amfani da yawa da kuma samar musu da samfurin da suke tunanin ya fi sauƙi a shirya," in ji Orton.
New Jersey ita ce jiha ta huɗu mafi girma da ke samar da bishiyar asparagus a cikin Amurka, bayan California, Michigan da Washington. A cewar Ofishin Farm na New Jersey, gonakin New Jersey kusan eka 1,100 na bishiyar asparagus, kuma a cikin 2005 sun ba da 30 cwt.
Jami'ar Rutgers gida ce ga ɗayan shirye-shiryen kiwo da suka rage a duniya. Masu bincike sun kirkiro nau'ikan bishiyar asparagus guda 10 kuma sun shirya don gabatar da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan guda hudu a cikin 2007. Orton ya ce New Jersey wuri ne mai kyau don kiwo saboda akwai cututtuka da yawa, wanda ke ba da zaɓi mafi kyau a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau. Ire-iren shuka da aka samar a jihar na da kyau a fadin hukumar, in ji shi.