Wani bincike na tsawon shekaru biyu da Jami’ar Jihar Boise da Jami’ar Idaho suka gudanar ya yi bincike kan yadda hayakin wutar daji ke shafar noman dankalin turawa da kuma neman gano irin dankalin da ke jure hayakin.
Manoma sun san noman dankalin turawa da ake nomawa a lokutan yanayi mai nauyi, tsawaita hayakin dajin gaba daya yana da karancin amfanin gona da inganci. Nazarin da suka gabata sun gano wasu abubuwan hayaki, irin su ozone, waɗanda zasu iya cutar da haɓakar dankalin turawa, amma taƙaitaccen bincike ya bar alaƙar sinadarai waɗanda ba a bayyana su ba. Wannan aikin yana gwada ka'idar cutar da hayaki na masana'antu a cikin mahallin da aka sarrafa, yana ba masu bincike damar bincikar tasirin mahaɗan hayaƙi da ke haifar da amfanin gona na flagship na Idaho.
"Abubuwan da aka lura daga masana'antu sun fara duk wannan. Lokacin da muka yi munanan, shekarun hayaki, amfanin gona ya ragu kuma ingancin sarrafawa ya ragu. Hasashen mu shine bayyanar hayaki yana haifar da hakan," in ji Mike Thornton, farfesa a Sashen Kimiyyar Shuka na U of I.
Thornton da Shugaban Sashen Chemistry na Jihar Boise Owen McDougal suna nazarin illolin da hayaki ke haifar da dankali. Binciken ya kuma tantance idan wasu nau'in dankalin turawa sun fi kariya daga lalacewar hayaki. Masu bincike za su gabatar da binciken farko a wannan lokacin hunturu a tarurrukan masana'antar dankalin turawa. Ana sa ran fitar da cikakken sakamako bayan girbi na 2023.
Fahimtar da ake da ita game da tasirin hayaki akan dankali yana nuna gauraye jakar. Ana zargin wasu abubuwan hayaki da yawa suna shafar amfanin gonakin dankalin turawa, irin su carbon mai launin ruwan kasa da baƙar fata, mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta masu canzawa har ma da cututtuka. Hayaki yana rage hasken da ake samu kuma yana tayar da zafi na dare - munanan yanayin muhalli don haɓaka dankalin turawa. Amma sauran sassan hayaki, kamar carbon dioxide, na iya zama da amfani ga shuke-shuke.
Thornton ya ce "Wannan shi ne karo na farko, aƙalla a cikin nazarin bincikenmu na bincike na ilimi, cewa kowa ya yi ƙoƙarin yin hakan a cikin babban sikelin."
Sabon binciken ya hada da sanya nau'ikan dankalin turawa guda uku - Clearwater, Alturas da Russet Burbank - don hayakin da ke fitowa daga alluran Pine, goga na sage da itace. Konewa a cikin mai shan sigari na kasuwanci da ke haɗe da ganga mai gauraya, gaurayar tana ƙoƙarin yin koyi da hayaƙin wutar daji. An busa hayakin zuwa filayen dankalin turawa, inda filastik ke rufe tarkon hayaki tare da tsire-tsire, yayin da sauran tsire-tsire masu sarrafa dankalin turawa suke girma a cikin yanayi mara hayaƙi don barin masu bincike su kwatanta sakamakon. Maganin hayaƙin dankalin turawa na yau da kullun a Cibiyar Bincike da Tsawaita ta U of I Parma ta fara ranar 11 ga Yuli kuma ta ƙare 18 ga Agusta.
Aikin na tsawon shekaru biyu yana samun tallafin dala 125,000 daga Shirin Tallafin Noma na Musamman na Gwamnatin Tarayya, wanda Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Jihar Idaho ta ba da izini.
McDougal, darektan Cibiyar Innovation Abinci da Kiwo ta Jihar Boise, zai sa ido kan nazarin sinadarai zuwa yuwuwar sauye-sauyen yanayin dankali daga bayyanar hayaki. Analysis yana faruwa nan da nan bayan girbi, bayan watanni shida a cikin ajiya da kuma bayan dankali an juya zuwa daskararre.
"Zai gaya mana irin bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin sarrafawa da dankalin turawa don haka za mu iya nuna abin da metabolites - sunadarai a cikin dankalin turawa - canzawa saboda shan taba," in ji McDougal.
Fries da aka bincika don gwajin za a sarrafa su a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Abinci ta U da ke Caldwell.
Lura da dankali ba ze adana da kyau bayan tsananin gobarar daji, McCain Foods ya ba da ƙwarewa ga aikin. Wakilai daga U of I, McCain Foods da Jihar Boise suna aiki a kan kwamitin ba da shawara wanda ke kula da aikin bincike.
Thornton yana tsammanin yin amfani da irin wannan hanyoyin bincike a yanayi na gaba don maimaita binciken hayaki tare da sauran amfanin gona, gami da albasa.
Tushe: https://www.uidaho.edu