Fasaha don duba sabbin kayan amfanin gona zuwa gida, dafa abinci na kasuwanci ko masana'antu yana da nagartaccen kamar yadda aka saba.
Amma yanayin ɗan adam ya kasance kamar mahimmanci.
Masana sun ce sabon kayan da aka yanka ya fi aminci kuma mafi inganci fiye da kowane lokaci. Tsakanin darussan horar da masana'antu, hanyoyin HACCP (Hazard Analysis da Critical Control Points) hanyoyin, fasahar sa ido, dubawa, gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje (a wasu rukunin yanar gizon) da sauran abubuwan kariya, masu sarrafawa suna da ikon saduwa da tsammanin mabukaci don aminci da sabbin abubuwan gani da ɗanɗano samfuran. .
Amma duk tare da hanya, dubawa a cikin nau'i ɗaya ko wani shine mabuɗin.
"Yana farawa da kayan da ke shigowa," in ji United Fresh Mataimakin Shugaban Kare Abinci da Fasaha David Gombas. “Ba za ku iya yin sabo-sanya mai kyau daga cikin munanan amfanin gonaki ba.
"Dole ne ku fara da mafi kyawun kayan inganci."
Kayan aiki kuma babban al'amari ne, in ji shi.
"Hanya mafi sauri don rasa inganci a sabon aikin da aka yanke ita ce wukake mara kyau," in ji Gombas. "Mafi girman wuka, mafi kyawun ingancin samfurin."
A ƙarni na uku, iyali mallakar McEntire Produce a Columbia, South Carolina, Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar Tom Lovelace ya ce ka'idodin HACCP suna jagorantar tsarin kamfanin daga farkon zuwa ƙarshe. Bayan haka, McEntire ya yanke shawara mai mahimmanci don samun sashe daban-daban na inganci da aminci da ma'aikata don kada a narkar da albarkatun kuma kowane yanki ya sami fifiko daidai.
"Dukkan tsari yana kimanta mahimman abubuwan sarrafawa da kuma saka idanu a daidaitattun tazara," in ji Lovelace.
Kuma tsari ne da ya dogara ga fasaha da mutane daidai gwargwado.
"Kuna da tsarin injina a wurin - tsarin atomatik a wurin - amma mutane ne ke yin abubuwa biyu," in ji Lovelace. “Suna tsara matakan da ya kamata a dauka tun da farko. Kuma sauran abin da suke buƙatar yi shi ne tabbatar da cewa matakan suna aiki.
“Akwai matakan tabbatarwa da ya kamata a yi, kuma mutane ne suka yi su. Babu madadin ƙwararrun mutane, ƙwararrun ƙwararru. ”
Kamfanin yana kula da dangantaka da takamaiman masu shuka waɗanda dole ne su bi "ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai." Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, McEntire yana samar da ganyayen ganye da aka yanka, albasa, barkono, tumatir, kabeji da karas, galibi don hidimar abinci a cikin gidajen abinci masu sauri.
Lovelace ta ce "Muna da mutane suna ziyartar masu noman don tabbatar da cewa suna bin ƙa'idodinmu." "Yana da babban bangare na abin da muke yi, duka daga inganci da kuma yanayin amincin abinci."
Ci gaba da ƙoshin lafiya ta hanyar sufuri da isowa ƙofar karɓa. Dangane da inda amfanin gona ke fitowa, zai iya zama kamar kwanaki biyar tsakanin girbi da isowa wurin sarrafa McEntire, don haka farawa da ingantaccen samfuri da kiyaye sarkar sanyi shine mafi mahimmanci.
McEntire yana buƙatar a jigilar kayan sa a cikin manyan motoci waɗanda ke ɗauke da “hanti mara amfani guda ɗaya” da aka liƙa da zarar an gama lodi. Idan hatimin ya karya lokacin isowa, ana amfani da tsari daban-daban don sarrafa shi, wanda zai iya haɗawa da ƙin lodin.
"Kulawa, tsarewa da sarrafawa wani babban bangare ne na shirin albarkatun kasa," in ji Lovelace, tare da lura cewa kamfanin yana buƙatar kula da zafin jiki a duk tsawon lokacin.
Ana duba kayan da ake samarwa idan isowa - kamar yadda motar da ta shigo, don tabbatar da tsabta.
Daga nan, yadda ake bincikar shi da sarrafa shi ya dogara da kayayyaki. Shuwagabannin latas ɗin kankara sun shigo cikin tsafta fiye da, a ce, ganyaye maras kyau.
Lovelace ta ce "Layukan ku an tsara su ne don sarrafa hakan." "Akwai halaye daban-daban a wurare daban-daban a cikin tsarin da kuke nema."
Duban idon ɗan adam wani muhimmin mataki ne, yayin da ma’aikata ke nema da cire ɓatattun ganyen latas, ko lahani a cikin albasa ko tumatir, alal misali. Ko an yanke shi kafin a wanke ko akasin haka, yawancin kayan amfanin gona ana wanke su sau da yawa. Fasaha ta fara aiki don saka idanu akan ruwa da microbials ta hanyar lantarki.
A McEntire, duk samfurin yana wucewa ta hanyar gano ƙarfe don tabbatar da cewa babu wani ƙarfe na waje kafin a yi masa dambe don jigilar kaya.
Gombas ya bayyana abin da ya gani a lokacin da yake lura da yadda ake nomawa a wata babbar masana’antar sarrafa kayan abinci inda aka duba dukkan buhunan latas da suka fito daga layin.
"Akwai binciken kashi 100 na waɗannan jakunkuna," in ji shi. "Yayin da yake fitowa daga layin marufi, akwai wani wanda ke dubawa (don tabbatar da cewa) babu wani abu da ya dace da samfurin."
Wasu tsire-tsire suna yin gwajin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar cuta lokacin isowa shuka da na samfur ɗin da aka tattara kafin a fito da shi.
Hakanan masu rarraba gani sun yi babban tasiri kan tsarin dubawa - musamman tunda fasahar Laser ta maye gurbin kyamarori na 1990s don tantance latas, in ji Rudi Groppe, shugaban da Shugaba na Heinzen Manufacturing International kuma daya daga cikin masu koyarwa na Jami'ar California Davis Postharvest. Taron Bitar Sabbin Kayayyakin Yankewar Cibiyar Fasaha.
"Suna neman gilashi, itace, karfe ... kowane rodents, maciji, sassan kwadi - duk waɗannan abubuwa daban-daban," in ji Groppe. "Kuma ikon gano chlorophyll shine ainihin abin juyawa, saboda maimakon yin amfani da hoton kamara kawai kuna kallon sa don launi. Tare da ƙirƙira na Laser kuma tare da na'urorin gani na LED… suna iya ƙayyade matakin translucency.
“Fasaharar kyamara za ta ce zai zama samfur mai kyau. Tare da Laser, da kwamfutoci masu sauri, zai iya fahimtar launi” kuma ta haka ne za a gane tsakanin, a ce, ganyen latas koren da guntun gilashin kore.
Groppe yayi kiyasin tsakanin kashi 60 zuwa 70 na masu sarrafawa a yau suna amfani da kayan rarrabuwar gani. McEntire na ɗaya daga cikinsu.
Koyaya, Groppe ya yi imanin cewa gaba ta gaba don rarrabuwar fasahar ita ce rage asarar rarrabuwar kawuna ga masu sarrafawa ta hanyar gudanar da samfuran da aka ƙi ta hanyar sake zagayowar na biyu.
"Ka ce idan kana gudanar da layi a 6,000 fam a awa daya kuma kana iya samun layi biyar, tare da kashi 10 na kin amincewa, wannan adadi ne mai yawa," in ji Groppe. "Yana iya ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin abu mai kyau tare da abin da yake ganin mara kyau."
Bjorn Tumas, darektan ci gaban tallace-tallace/abinci na TOMRA, ya ce kamfaninsa na Nimbus freefall Laser sorter da bel-based camera da Laser sorter da ake kira Genius suna da damar haɗa na'urar tantancewa ta hanyoyi uku. Yana nuna nau'ikan ejector guda biyu, suna ƙyale masu sarrafawa don ƙirƙirar rafukan ƙiyayya daban-daban.
"Maɗaukakin sauri, daidaitattun bindigogin iska suna cire kayan da ba su dace ba da kayan waje a cikin matakai biyu," in ji shi. "A wasu lokuta, rafi na ƙin yarda na biyu ana daidaita shi a karo na biyu."
Ya zuwa yanzu, hanyoyin uku da sake fasalin ana amfani da su ne akan koren wake.
Ko menene tsari, ko da yake, dubawa don adana inganci da aminci a kowane mataki shine ginshikin ingantaccen shirin yanke sabon tsari.
“Abokan cinikina ba su damu da cewa ina ma'amala da wani ɗanyen mai canzawa ba. Suna tsammanin zan sarrafa hakan, ”in ji Lovelace. "Suna tsammanin ya zama cikakke kowane lokaci kuma aikinmu ne mu samu hakan."