Singapore ta fi Moscow sau hudu (yankinta ya rufe kawai 730 km2). Ƙasar noma ta mamaye ƙasa da kashi 1% na ƙasar, kuma rabon sashen noma a cikin GDP bai kai 0.03% ba. Kayayyakin ruwa ma suna da iyaka a nan. Don ciyar da mazaunanta miliyan 6, ƙasar tana shigo da fiye da kashi 90% na abinci.
Kimanin shekaru takwas da suka gabata, mahukuntan kasar Singapore sun yi mamakin tambayar: ta yaya za a rage dogaron abincin da kasar ke yi kan fitar da kayayyaki zuwa ketare? Sauyin yanayi na taimaka wa fari da ambaliyar ruwa ta hanyar katse hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki. Barkewar cutar da rashin zaman lafiya a duniya ya ƙara damuwa ne kawai. A yau muna magana ne game da abin da mutanen Singapore suka zo da shi a ƙarshe da kuma dalilin da ya sa suka yi nasara.
Amma na farko - ɗan taimako.
A cikin Singapore, ba koyaushe komai ya kasance mummunan aikin noma ba. A cikin 1960s, 10% na mazauna suna aiki a aikin noma, kuma gonaki sun mamaye kashi 25% na yankin. Manoman yankin sun baiwa kashi 60% na kasar kayan lambu, kashi 90% na nama, 100% na kwai. A wani lokaci, Singapore har ma ta fara fitar da naman alade da kanta.
Amma a shekara ta 1959, Firayim Minista Lee Kuan Yew ya hau kan karagar mulki. Godiya gareshi, kasa mai fama da koma baya, ta koma kasa mai wadata, wacce take daya daga cikin mafi girman GDP na kowane mutum. Kasar Singapore ta fara bunkasa masana'antu masu yawa.
Koguna sun rikide zuwa tafki, filayen noma zuwa yankunan masana'antu ko wuraren zama. A cikin 1984, ƙasar ta daina samar da naman alade. Yankin noma ya ragu da sauri daga kashi 25% a cikin 1960 zuwa kashi 10% a cikin 1970s.
A yau, aikin noma a Singapore kusan ba a haɓaka ba, kusan kashi 1% na ƙasar ana noma shi ne a wani ƙaramin yanki na ƙasar.
Sabon Shirin Singapore
A farkon 2019, Singapore ta kafa kanta wani babban buri: don samar da 30% na duk abincin da ake bukata da kansa ta 2030. An kira shirin "30 zuwa 30". Don kwatantawa: a yau Singapore tana samar da kashi 8% na kayan lambu da mazaunanta ke cinyewa da 8% na nama.
A shekarar 2021, hukumomin kasar sun bayyana cewa, domin cika shirin, akwai bukatar a yi abubuwa biyu: inganta sararin bukatun manoma da samar da hanyoyin samar da hanyoyin fasaha. Bari mu ƙara ba ku labarin waɗannan hanyoyin.
Shin muna yin kiliya a kan rufin gidaje, ko kuma a ina ne mutanen Singapore suke samun wuraren noma?
Tare da ƙananan ƙasa, an tilasta wa 'yan Singapore su zama masu kirkira. Domin a wadata kasuwannin cikin gida da abinci, gwamnatin kasar ta kuma yi niyya ga daya daga cikin “abubuwan tunawa” na biranen kasar Singapore - wuraren shakatawa na motoci masu hawa da yawa, wadanda a yanzu an mayar da rufin su zuwa “ gonaki a tsaye. A cikin 2021, Hukumar Abinci ta Singapore ta ba da sanarwar ƙaddamarwa don haɓaka wuraren ajiye motoci, tare da fifikon da aka ba wa gonaki a tsaye ta amfani da Intanet na Abubuwa da sarrafa yanayi mai sarrafa kansa. Wuraren ajiye motoci a Singapore suna da girma, don haka matsakaicin gonakin rufin rufin zai iya samar da ciyawar kilo 500 a kowace rana.
Wanene Singapore ke ba da kuɗi?
A cikin 2020, Singapore ta ƙaddamar da tsarin ba da tallafin dala miliyan 30 "30×30 express". Jiha tana ba da kuɗi har zuwa kashi 85% na kuɗin ayyukan manyan ayyukan gonaki waɗanda za a iya tsara su kuma a fara aiki a cikin watanni 6 zuwa 24. Misali, a cikin 2021, Kalera ne ya ba da kuɗin, wanda ke gina ɗaya daga cikin manyan gonaki a tsaye a duniya a Singapore: tsayin sama da mita 15 kuma yana iya samar da fiye da ton 500 na kayan lambu a kowace shekara. Asusun don Sauya Rukunin Abinci na Agro-Food har zuwa 2025 yana ba da gudummawar jimlar dala miliyan 60.
Kamfanin Temasek mallakar jihar shine babban mai saka hannun jari a fasahar noma. Yana matsayi na biyar cikin sharuddan babban kamfani a sashin AgTech. Alal misali, da zuba jari m ba da kudi ga manufacturer na tsaye gonaki Bowery Farming (mahalarci zagaye na zuba jari na $ 300 miliyan), manufacturer na "smart" kayan aiki na ban ruwa tsarin Rivulis Irrigation (sayan 85% na hannun jari a cikin adadin). na dala miliyan 365), mai samar da madadin madara Cikakkiyar Ranar (mahalarcin zagayen saka hannun jari na $ 350 miliyan). Zuba jarin Temasek a cikin agrotech ya ninka sau huɗu tun daga 2015.
Har ila yau, na'urorin gaggawa na Singapore ba su da nisa a baya. An haɗa Babban Haɓaka GIRMA na Singapore a cikin ƙima na manyan na'urori takwas na Tallafin Aiki Accelerator. Wannan shirin horo ne na mako 12 wanda ya haɗa da tallafin kuɗi har zuwa $120,000.
A cikin 2007, an ƙaddamar da haɗin gwiwa na Alliance of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) da National Research Foundation of Singapore da ake kira SMART (The Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology). Ga MIT, SMART ita ce kawai cibiyar bincike a wajen Amurka kuma mafi girma shirin kasa da kasa. Gwamnatin Singapore ta biya cikakken ayyukan kimiyya.
A watan Disamba 2020, Singapore ta zama kasa ta farko a duniya da ta ba da izinin sayar da naman da aka noma. An fara siyar da kaza "daga bututun gwaji" na kamfanin Eat Just ga masu siye. Ɗaya daga cikin masu saka hannun jari na Eat Just shine Temasek.
Singapore wuri ne na gwaji na musamman don maganin agrotech. Sauran kasashen duniya za su iya bin sakamakon gwajin kasa da kasa kuma su zana karshe, suna gwada ra'ayin agrotech da kansu.
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