#Agriculture #Rasha #FarEast #AgriculturalProduction #Yanayin Yanayi #Taimakawa Matakan #Haɓaka Noma #Haɓaka Ci gaban Goma
A shekarar 2023, noman da ake nomawa a galibin yankuna na Gabas mai Nisa na Rasha ya fuskanci koma baya, sakamakon rashin kyawun yanayi da ya lalata amfanin gona. Duk da haka, ana ci gaba da ƙoƙarin faɗaɗa wuraren noma tare da gabatar da ƙarin matakan tallafi a fannin. Duk da kalubale kamar barkewar cututtuka masu yaduwa da ke shafar manyan masana'antu, akwai shirye-shirye masu kayatarwa da nufin farfado da ayyukan noma.
A cewar bayanai daga Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta Tarayyar Rasha, yankuna hudu ne kawai a Gabas Mai Nisa na Rasha suka nuna kyakkyawan ci gaban noma a cikin 2023. Yankin Yahudawa mai cin gashin kansa ya nuna mafi girman karuwa a 13.9%, sai Magadan Oblast (+3.5) ya biyo baya. %), Buryatia (+2.7%), da Yakutia (+0.2%). Akasin haka, gabaɗayan noman da ake nomawa a ƙasar ya ɗan ɗan samu koma baya, inda adadin ya ragu zuwa kashi 99.7%. Duk da haka, kididdigar yankin Gabas mai Nisa na Rasha ya tsaya a kashi 93.9 kawai, wanda ke nuna an samu raguwar samar da kayayyaki idan aka kwatanta da matsakaicin kasa.
Yankin Primorsky, wanda a al'adance shi ne kan gaba wajen samar da kayayyakin noma, ya fuskanci kalubale na musamman saboda rashin kyawun yanayi a shekarar 2023. Ambaliyar ruwa ta yi tasiri sosai kan girbin wake da masara, wanda ya haifar da hasara mai yawa ga manoma. Don rage illar, hukumomi sun yi shirin kara yawan wuraren noman da kashi 1% a cikin wannan shekara, tare da mai da hankali kan amfanin gona kamar masara da shinkafa. Duk da haka, an nuna damuwa game da karancin takin ma'adinai, inda kashi 30% na adadin da ake bukata kawai aka tanadi don lokacin shuka mai zuwa. Kokarin shigo da karin takin zamani ta hanyar sufurin jirgin kasa daga Siberiya ya gamu da matsaloli saboda yawan fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje.
A halin da ake ciki, masu noma a yankin Amur suna shirin fadada noman masara sosai, tare da shirin za su haye hekta 55,000 a shekarar 2024, wanda zai ninka na shekarar da ta gabata. Ƙaddamarwa irin su kafa na'urorin haɓaka hatsi ta kamfanoni kamar "Target Agro" na nufin haɓaka kayan aikin sarrafa hatsi, da sauƙaƙe haɓaka kayan aiki da kuma ajiya.
A yankin Zabaykalsky da ke makwabtaka da kasar, kokarin bunkasa fitar da kayayyakin noma zuwa kasashen waje ya samar da sakamako mai ban sha'awa, inda aka samu karuwar ninki 1.7 a shekarar 2023 idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar da ta gabata. Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta yankin ta bayyana gagarumin ci gaban da ake samu a fitar da hatsi, duk da cewa ana jigilar wani kaso mai yawa ta yankin maimakon ya samo asali daga gonakin gida.
Tallafin gwamnati ya kasance muhimmi wajen dorewar ayyukan noma a Gabas mai Nisa. A cikin 2023, Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta ware kusan rubles biliyan 11 don tallafin aikin gona a yankin, tare da wani muhimmin kaso da aka ware don gina greenhouse. A wannan shekara, an tsara ƙarin kudade fiye da 500 miliyan rubles don kafa gine-ginen greenhouse, da nufin haɓaka wadatar yanki a cikin samar da kayan lambu.
Hukumomin kananan hukumomi kuma suna kara kaimi don tallafawa tattalin arzikin karkara. A yankin Zabaykalsky, an kusan ninka tallafin noman ulu don magance faɗuwar farashin kasuwa, yana ba da agajin da ake buƙata ga masu kiwon tumaki. Hakazalika, yankin Amur ya ware 12.4 miliyan rubles don tallafawa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun matasa waɗanda ke gudanar da ayyukan noma a ƙarƙashin shirin "Comprehensive Rural Development", wanda ke ba da ɗimbin biyan kuɗi na lokaci ɗaya bisa ga ƙa'idodin zama da aikin yi.
Duk da haka, barkewar cututtuka na baya-bayan nan a kan kamfanonin noma na haifar da babban kalubale ga noma. Ƙaddamar da keɓewar don mayar da martani ga barkewar cutar murar tsuntsaye a yankin Sakhalin na Sakhalin Oblast yana nuna ci gaba da haɗarin da sashin ke fuskanta, yana buƙatar matakan ɗaukar gaggawa da hanyoyin biyan diyya ga kasuwancin da abin ya shafa.
Yanayin noma a Gabas Mai Nisa na Rasha yana nuna ma'amalar kalubale da dama. Yayin da yanayin yanayi mara kyau da barkewar cututtuka ke haifar da cikas nan take, kokarin da ake na fadada wuraren noma, da inganta ababen more rayuwa, da bayar da tallafi da aka yi niyya, na aza harsashin ci gaban noma mai dorewa a yankin.