Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka ta ba da kyautar a shekara biyar, tallafin dala miliyan 10 zuwa Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina da USDA-Agricultural Research Service don jagorantar kokarin bincike na kasa baki daya don inganta dorewar noma, yayin da ake tunkarar babban kalubalen duniya na yadda za a ciyar da yawan al'ummar duniya, ta hanyar amfani da amfanin gona.
"Tare da wannan tallafin, za mu gina hanyar sadarwar da muke da ita na masu bincike don gudanar da gwaje-gwajen haɗin gwiwa don gano duk hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da amfanin gona na iya inganta ƙasa da ribar amfanin gona na tsabar kuɗi sannan mu juya wannan sabon ilimin zuwa kayan aikin yanke shawara, ko aikace-aikace, ga manoma,” in ji Chris Reberg-Horton, farfesa a Kimiyyar amfanin gona da ƙasa kuma shugaban ƙungiyar bincike. "Daga karshe, muna so mu kara samar da abinci, da rage illar muhalli da aikin gona ke yi da kuma taimakawa manoma su dace da sauyin yanayi."
Tallafin daga sabon shirin Binciken Noma da Abinci Tsarukan Noma Mai Dorewa Shirin zai binciko yadda amfanin gonakin da ake nomawa a gonaki da wuraren bincike a jihohi 23 ke shafar kwari, ciyawa, amfani da ruwa, matakan gina jiki na kasa da kuma yawan amfanin gonakin da ake nomawa a cikin manyan gonaki kamar masara, auduga da waken soya. Steven Mirsky, masanin ilimin noma tare da USDA-Agricultural Research Service ne ke jagorantar aikin.
Abubuwan da aka rufe su ne tsire-tsire da ake nomawa don kare ƙasa daga zaizawar ƙasa yayin da kuma inganta matakan gina jiki na ƙasa amfani da rage kwari. Tushen amfanin gona da ake nomawa a lokacin rani sun haɗa da hatsin rai, Clover, Peas na hunturu da radishes.
Cibiyar bincike da ke akwai kuma mai yawa, wanda ake kira Daidaitaccen Noma Mai Dorewa, zai fadada don tattara ƙarin nau'ikan bayanai daga wurare da yawa, tare da nau'ikan ƙasa daban-daban da yanayi daban-daban, in ji Reberg-Horton, wanda kuma mataimakin darektan hukumar. Cibiyar Kula da Ayyukan Noma na Muhalli.
Tawagar da ta hada da kwararrun kayan amfanin gona, masu sarrafa kwamfuta da masana kimiyyar zamantakewa daga cibiyoyi 36, za su gudanar da bincike kan tambayoyin da suka hada da yadda amfanin gona ke tasiri ga jurewar ciyawa zuwa yadda lush na amfanin gona a sassa daban-daban na filin ke shafar matakin nitrogen na kasa.
Tawagar za ta yi amfani da fasahar zamani, kamar tattara bayanai masu cin gashin kansu, dandali na bayanai na girgije da koyan na'ura don hanzarta gano su. Misali, Edgar Lobaton, masanin farfesa a Ma'aikatar Lantarki da Injiniyan Kwamfuta ta Jihar NC, zai yi amfani da kwarewarsa wajen koyon na'ura da sarrafa sigina don nazarin bayanan da aka tattara tare da haɓaka algorithms don hasashen jurewar fari da juriyar amfanin gona. Sauran jami'o'in CALS, ciki har da Ramon Leon da Alex Woodley, za su yi nazarin yadda amfanin gona ya haɗa da nitrogen a cikin ƙasa da tasiri matakan ciyawa. 7F%1Fcals.ncsu.edu
Baya ga haɓaka fahimtar kimiyya game da rikitattun abubuwan da ke tattare da fa'idodin amfanin gona na rufewa, ƙungiyar za ta faɗaɗa wannan ilimin zuwa aikace-aikacen don taimaka wa manoma a matakan yanke shawara, in ji Reberg-Horton. Ya kara da cewa, amfanin gona da aka rufe ba shine mafita mai-girma-daya ba. Dangane da nau'in ƙasa na gida, yanayi da manyan kwari, ƙa'idar na iya ba da shawarar amfanin gona daban-daban da zaɓuɓɓukan gudanarwa daban-daban.
Haka kuma tawagar za ta samar da kwasa-kwasan karawa juna sani da ilimin ajujuwa don ci gaba da yada ilimin da suka gano.
Makasudin tallafin shine a kara daukar nauyin amfanin gonakin noma da canza noma zuwa tsarin da zai dace da kuma dorewa. A cikin binciken da aka yi a baya, ƙungiyar ta gano cewa rufe kayan amfanin gona yana ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfi ta hanyar da ba a zata ba. Baya ga rage gudu – wanda ke kara yawan danshi da gonakin ke rike da shi da kuma rage yawan sinadarai da ke zuwa cikin kogunan da ke karkashin kasa – suna rufe amfanin gona, musamman ma tushen kwalabe, ya sa manoman su yi shuka tun da wuri a lokacin ruwan magudanan ruwa da ba a saba gani ba. , ya ce. Sabanin haka ta hanyar rage gudu, kayan amfanin gona na iya ƙara jurewar fari na amfanin gona a lokuta da yawa.
Har ila yau, Reberg-Horton yana fatan kafa cibiyar sadarwa mai zurfi da za ta rayu a tsawon shekaru biyar da aka ba da kyauta da kuma taimakawa wajen tsara al'ada na babban haɗin gwiwa a cikin binciken aikin gona.
Reberg-Horton ya ce "A yau kowane manoma suna yanke shawarar gudanarwa irin su ko za su shuka amfanin gona, irin shuka da kuma lokacin da za a kashe su." "Ta hanyar tattara bayanai a cikin babbar hanyar sadarwar mu game da irin shawarar da suke yankewa da kuma yadda hakan ke tasiri ga amfanin amfanin gona, za mu iya koyan sauri tare."
Chris Reberg-Horton, dama, Girish Chowdhary, Ranveer Chandra, da Steven Mirsky, hagu, sun yi nazarin wani mutum-mutumi na tattara bayanan aikin gona mai cin gashin kansa. Reberg-Horton da Mirsky su ne jagororin bayar da tallafin $10M daga Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka don sauya aikin noma. Hoto: Jami'ar Jihar North Carolina