Manoma da makiyaya a karni na 21 suna kara juyowa zuwa na’urori masu auna kasa, cibiyoyin bayanai na yanar gizo da sauran fasahohin zamani da aka tsara don taimaka musu wajen inganta ingantaccen amfani da ruwa da sauran abubuwan da ake amfani da su, da kuma ci gaba da aiki da takarda.
Babu wani daga cikin wannan da zai yiwu, in ji su, ba tare da kyakkyawar alaƙa da intanet ba—wani abu da zai iya zama daɗaɗɗa a yankunan karkarar jihar. Kashi 46.5% na gidajen karkara a California ne kawai za su iya yin amfani da layin sadarwa tare da saurin zazzagewa na megabits 100 a sakan daya ko kuma cikin sauri, bisa ga Tsarin Ayyukan Watsa Labarai na 2020, wanda Majalisar Watsa Labarai ta California ta samar.
"Broadband da high-gudun haɗin kai shine zamani na gaba don manomi na California ya ci gaba da cin gajiyar fa'idar mu," in ji Robert Spiegel, mai ba da shawara kan manufofin Ofishin Farm na California.
Batun ya ɗauki sabon mahimmanci tare da cutar ta COVID-19, wacce ta tilasta yawancin duniya ta kan layi.
"COVID ya haskaka shi don mahimmancin ayyukan kasuwanci," in ji Cannon Michael, wanda ke tafiyar da Bowles Farming Co. a Los Banos. Michael mai suna "daidaituwar sabis" a matsayin babban batu.
"Haɗin haɗi ne mara waya wanda ke haskakawa daga hasumiya daban-daban zuwa hasumiya," in ji Michael game da damar sa na dijital. "Kuna samun ɗan tabo, don haka yana da ɗan rashin daidaituwa, amma yana ƙara kyau."
Lalo Garcia, wanda ke kula da fasahar kere-kere a Bowles Farming, ya ce daya daga cikin ayyukansa na dogaro da hanyoyin sadarwa ya hada da na'urori masu auna kasa a cikin filayen, wadanda ke rikodin bayanan ruwa da zafin jiki da kuma taimakawa gonakin yanke shawarar ban ruwa. Har ila yau, gonar tana amfani da wata manhaja da ke baiwa masanin aikin gona damar aika bayanan aikace-aikacen kayan kare amfanin gona zuwa wayar ma'aikaci.
"Ma'aikacin ya karba kuma ya kammala aikin, da duk abin da ke zuwa ofishin inda suke ci gaba da bin sawun shi ga gundumar," in ji Garcia.
Ba ayyukan kasuwanci ne kawai abin ya shafa ba. Michael ya ce gonarsa tana da gidaje ga ma'aikata da iyalansu.
"Yawancin yara, a fili, suna gida," in ji Michael. “Mun yi haɗin gwiwa tare da masu ba da sabis ɗin da muke amfani da su, kuma mun biya kuɗin don samun sabis ɗin su. Suna ƙoƙarin yin abubuwa daga wayoyin salula."
A gundumar Monterey, Mauricio Flores, mai kula da fasahar samar da kayayyaki a Braga Fresh, ya ce gonarsa tana da shirye-shiryen fasaha da yawa a wurin da suka dogara, aƙalla, kan kyakkyawar alaƙa. Daya shine HeavyConnect, wanda ke bawa manajoji da ma'aikata damar shigar da rahotannin da suka shafi amincin abinci, dasa shuki, dubawa da sauran ayyuka daga filin.
"Duk abin da aka shigar a cikin HeavyConnect yana kan wayar ku har sai kun isa ingantacciyar hanyar intanet, wato ko dai kyakkyawar haɗi ko Wi-Fi," in ji Flores. "Da zarar kun isa kowane ɗayan waɗannan wuraren, to yana sabunta mana kai tsaye."
Flores ya kara da cewa ma'aikatan injinan gona kuma ana ƙarfafa su da su yi amfani da app ɗin don ba da rahoton al'amurran da suka shafi kayan aikin.
"Yana ba da damar mutanen da ke shagon su ga rahotannin da ake ƙirƙira a ainihin lokacin," in ji Flores. "Ta haka za su iya gyara su da sauri, maimakon jira su shigo da injinan."
Flores ya ce gonar kuma tana da manhajar bin diddigi da ke ba da damar gudanar da aikin don ci gaba da lura da ayyukan da injina da masu sarrafa su ke yi.
"Muna buƙatar sabis mai kyau don wannan," in ji Flores. "Lokacin da tsarin bin diddigin yana aiki, yana nuna mana nawa lokacin da aka kashe a filin. Idan muna da sabis na tabo ko babu sabis kwata-kwata, to ba ma samun ingantaccen bayani."
Ana ci gaba da kokarin taimakawa wajen samar da ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwa a yankunan karkara. Kasafin kudin jihar na shekarar kasafin kudi na 2022 ya hada da dala biliyan 6 zuwa dala biliyan 7 don saka hannun jari a yankunan karkara. Ko da yake wasu cikakkun bayanai sun rage, kusan dala biliyan 3.75 za su je ayyukan "tsakiyar mil" kuma an ware ƙarin dala biliyan 2 don aikin "mile na ƙarshe", in ji Spiegel.
"Hanyar kallon ta ita ce, kuna da babban birni, amma lokacin da kuka fita zuwa yankunan karkara, kuna buƙatar cibiya da gaske," in ji Spiegel. "Wannan cibiya daga nan ta zama mai haɗin mil mil zuwa mil na ƙarshe."
Gano yuwuwar cibiyoyi shine manufar Majalisar Dattijai Bill 28 ta Sen. Anna Caballero, D-Salinas, wanda ke jiran a Majalisar.
Taylor Roschen, mai ba da shawara kan manufofin Farm Bureau, ya kwatanta tsarin da hanyoyi, tare da manyan hanyoyin jihar a matsayin mil na tsakiya da na gida ko na gundumomi a matsayin mil na ƙarshe zuwa gonar.
Roschen ya ce "Ina tsammanin shawarar gwamnati ita ce a yi amfani da wannan tsaka-tsakin mil kamar buɗaɗɗen tushe," in ji Roschen. “Saboda tsarin kebul na fiber optic jihar ne ke shimfidawa, kuma kudaden da ake kashewa na jihar ne ko kuma gwamnatin tarayya, masu samar da kayayyaki ba sai sun biya wadannan kudaden ba. Zai zama kamar buɗaɗɗen shiga ga duk wani mai ba da sabis da ke son amfani da wannan hanyar sadarwa."
Mile na ƙarshe, in ji ta, za ta ɗauki ƙarin hanyar tushen tallafi, tare da saƙo ga masu samarwa da sauran su kasance "idan kuna son ku zo daidai da kuɗaɗe tare da mu don gina wannan mil na ƙarshe kuma ku haɗu da mil na tsakiya, sannan mu zan taimake ka ka isa can."
Roschen ya ce, "Hukumar Noma ta kan bayyana damuwa game da haɗin gwiwar yankunan karkara tsawon shekaru da yawa," in ji Roschen, ya kara da cewa cutar ta ba da sabuwar dama don haɓaka maki iri ɗaya "da kuma haɓaka su a cikin yanayi daban-daban."
A matakin tarayya, wasu kudurori biyu a Majalisa na neman inganta hanyoyin da jama'ar karkara ke amfani da su wajen yin amfani da wayar sadarwa. Na ɗaya, Dokar Kawar da Ci gaban Intanet na Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙimar Cancantar Talla, ko EBRIDGE, zai ba da damar haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu kuma ya ba al'ummomi sassauci don biyan buƙatun kuɗi-daidaita. Sauran, Dokar Broadband for Rural America, za ta ba da izini fiye da dala biliyan 7 don shirye-shiryen Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka irin su ReConnect, wanda ke ba da kyauta da lamuni don sauƙaƙe jigilar hanyoyin sadarwa.
Sara Arsenault, darektan manufofin tarayya na Ofishin Farm na California, ta ce Ofishin Farming yana goyan bayan takardar kudi guda biyu kuma yana aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwar da ke aiki don samun ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwa: Haɗin Manufofin Haɗin Kan Amurka da Haɗa Amurkawa Yanzu.
Spiegel ya ce cutar ta ba da dama ga kalubalen watsa shirye-shirye "don zama sananne sosai," kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa suna da yawa.
"Don mayar da martani ga rikicin gobarar daji da matsalar makamashi, kuna buƙatar samun waɗancan sabuntawar-lokaci game da abin da ke faruwa," in ji Spiegel.
A fannin noma, ya kara da cewa, “Ya kamata ku san ainihin abubuwan da kuke da su a gonaki don samun damar fuskantar kalubalen da sauyin yanayi ko samar da ruwa ke haifarwa, ko kuma rashin aikin yi. Yanzu ne lokacin da ya kamata mu tabbatar da cewa ba a bar yankin California a baya ba kuma ya ci gaba da yin gasa tare da sauran jihohin. "
- Kevin Hecteman, Ofishin Farm na California
Lalo Garcia yana kallon na'urar firikwensin ƙasa a cikin filin da aka dasa ga tumatir sarrafa kwayoyin halitta kusa da Los Banos. Ma'aikacin Garcia, Bowles Farming Co., yana daga cikin ayyukan noma waɗanda suka dogara kacokan akan na'urori masu auna firikwensin da hanyoyin bayanan kan layi - don haka akan kyawawan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo. Hoto: Kevin Hecteman