Jagoran Bayanin Noman Karas:
Gabatarwa:
Karas suna da sauƙin girma a cikin lambun da ke da zurfi, ƙasa maras kyau; kuma kamar yadda ƙila kuka yi tsammani daga sunan, suna cike da beta carotene. Sabis na 1/2 kofin yana ba ku izinin Shawarar Kullum na bitamin A a cikin nau'in beta carotene sau huɗu. Girma da girbi karas hanya ce mai kyau don cin gajiyar fa'idodin sinadirai. Noman Karas na taka rawa sosai a tattalin arzikin Indiya kasancewar shi ne babban kayan lambu a Indiya.
Irin Karas a Indiya:
- Tuddan: Ooty-1, Farkon Nantes da Sabon Koroda
- Filaye: Indiya Gold, Pusa Kesar, da Rabin Dogon Danvers
Mafi kyawun Ƙasa don Shuka Karas:
Karas shuka ne mai sanyi lokacin yanayi kuma idan aka girma a 15 ° C zuwa 20 ° C zai sami launi mai kyau. Noman karas yana buƙatar ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi. Yana buƙatar pH daga 6.0 zuwa 7.0 don samar da mafi girma.https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_620771810https://imasdk.googleapis.com/js/core/bridge3.510.1_ru.html#goog_620771812
Mafi kyawun Lokacin girma Karas:
- Tuddan: A tsayin daka sama da mita 1500, ana iya noman karas a duk shekara a ƙarƙashin ingantaccen ban ruwa. A tsayi tsakanin mita 1000 - 1500, ana iya shuka karas a watan Yuli - Fabrairu.
- Filaye: Agusta.
Yawan shuka iri na Karas:
3.5 zuwa 4 kg / ha.
Tazarar Tsirrai na Karas:
Alama layuka tare da tazarar 25 - 30 cm baya. Shuka tsaba gauraye da yashi (ɓangare ɗaya na iri tare da kashi 4 na yashi).
Bakin Tsiren Karas:
Tuddan: 10 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire da Filaye: 5 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire.
Shirye-shiryen Kasa Don Dashen Karas:
Tuddan: Shirya ƙasar zuwa gonaki mai kyau kuma samar da gadaje masu tasowa na tsayin 15 cm, faɗin mita ɗaya, da tsayin dacewa.
Filaye: Ana ba da noman noma guda biyu kuma an samar da tudu da furrows a tazarar cm 30.
Maganin iri na Karas:
- Maganin iri tare da ramin saniya @ 3 g a cikin lita 1 na ruwa na awa 24
- Maganin iri tare da 5% Trichoderma ƙwayar cuta
- Tushen Seedling tare da 5% Pseudomonas mai kyalli kafin dasawa
Ban ruwa don shuka karas:
Mai samar da ruwa a ba shi sau daya a cikin kwanaki biyar. A lokacin fari, bayan bayarwa ban ruwa da maraice, ya kamata a rufe gadaje da rigar gunny jakunkuna. Wannan yana hana asarar ruwa mai yawa a lokacin rana. Hakanan ana inganta haɓakar tsaba.
Bukatun taki da taki don shuka karas:
- Green manuring tare da lupine kwanaki 60 kafin dasa
- Yayyafa taki na ƙaho a ƙasa a lokacin shirya ƙasa @ 75g/ha ta hanyar narkar da shi a cikin lita 40 na ruwa.
- Aiwatar da takin gonar da ta lalace mai kyau @ 50 t/ha a lokacin shirin ƙasa
- Neman takin biodynamic @ 5 t/ha a lokacin shirya ƙasa
- Aiwatar da vermicompost @ 5 t/ha a lokacin shirya ƙasa
- Aiwatar da kek neem @ 1250 kg/ha a lokacin shirya ƙasa
- Yin amfani da biofertilizers, Azospirillum, da Phosphobacteria @ 25 kg kowace / ha a lokacin shirya ƙasa
- Fesa ramin saniya @ 5 kg/ha a cikin lita 100 na ruwa a rana ta 45, 60 da 75 bayan dasa.
Kula da ciyawa a cikin Noman Karas:
Bayan noma, za a yi ciyawa na farko a rana ta 15. Ya kamata a ba da bakin ciki da ƙasa a ranar 30th.
Masu kula da girma a Noman Karas:
- Fesa foliar panchagavya @ kashi 3 a tazarar kwanaki 10 daga wata na 1 bayan shuka.
- Fesa 10% vermiwash sau 5 a tazarar kwanaki 15 daga wata daya bayan shuka
- Foliar foliar silica ƙaho @ 2.5 g/ha a cikin lita 50 na ruwa a rana ta 65 bayan shuka don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingancin tushen karas.
Kwari & Cututtuka a Noman Karas:
Karas ba ya shafar kwari da yawa.
Tushen nematode:
- Aikace-aikacen cake na neem @ 1 ton/ha lokacin shuka don sarrafa tushen-ƙulli nematode, Meloidogyne spp
- Girma karas sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 3 ta hanyar juyar da amfanin gona
- Girma marigolds sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2
- Aiwatar da Paecilomyces lilacinus @ 10 kg/ha kafin shuka iri
Wurin ganye:
- Foliar foliar 5% Manchurian shayi tace sau 3 a wata daya daga wata daya bayan shuka/dasa.
- Foliar Foliar na 3% Dasagavya a tazarar kwanaki 10 daga wata na 1 bayan dasa shuki.
Cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙasa:
- Aiwatar da Trichoderma ƙwayar cuta @ 5 kg/ha a lokacin shirya ƙasa.
- Aiwatar da Pseudomonas mai kyalli @ 5 kg / ha a lokacin shirye-shiryen ƙasa.
Yadda ake samun Karas:
25 - 30 ton / hectare a cikin kwanaki 100 - 120.
Sufuri da Talla:
Ana iya jigilar su ta manyan motoci zuwa kasuwannin cikin gida.